Saccades are fast eye movements that point the fovea of the retina at features of interest in our visual world. 1,2 When we look between visual targets located at optical infinity, saccades are approximately conjugate—the eyes move together. Clinicians often examine the conjugacy of horizontal saccades when, for example, they test for internuclear ophthalmoparesis (INO) in patients with
This finding provides the basis for the occurrence of bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia with unilateral basilar branch artery occlusion. Unilateral pontine infarction resulting from occlusion of a penetrating branch of the basilar artery often is accompanied by bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO). Thus far, there has been no Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) is an eye movement disorder that impacts the ability to look to the side with both eyes at the same time. INO develops when the cranial nerve fibers that work together to pivot both eyes horizontally become damaged. It can affect one or both eyes. Patients with INO can still move the eyes up and down, but notThe medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) is a paired, highly specialized, and heavily myelinated nerve bundle responsible for extraocular muscle movements, including the oculomotor reflex, saccadic eye movements an smooth pursuit, and the vestibular ocular reflex. Clinically, lesions of the MLF are classically associated with internuclear
ii3S.